Go-Go
A direct 3D selection and manipulation technique that extends the user's virtual reach using a non-linear mapping between the real hand and the virtual hand.
How it works
Move the tracked hand toward the target. For nearby objects, the virtual hand follows the real hand closely. After a threshold distance, the virtual hand moves farther than the real hand, allowing the user to reach distant objects without physically walking.
Papers
- Ivan Poupyrev, Mark Billinghurst, Suzanne Weghorst, Tadao Ichikawa (1996). The go-go interaction technique: non-linear mapping for direct manipulation in VR. Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology - UIST '96 doi:10.1145/237091.237102
- Ferran Argelaguet, Carlos Andujar (2013). A survey of 3D object selection techniques for virtual environments. Computers & Graphics doi:10.1016/j.cag.2012.12.003
- Difeng Yu, Tilman Dingler, Eduardo Velloso, Jorge Goncalves (2024). Object Selection and Manipulation in VR Headsets: Research Challenges, Solutions, and Success Measurements. ACM Computing Surveys doi:10.1145/3706417
- Jaemoon Jung, Hanjun Park, Dongwook Hwang, Minseok Son, Donghyun Beck, Juhee Park, Woojin Park (2014). A Review on Interaction Techniques in Virtual Environments. Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management link
- Susu Huang, Daqing Qi, Jiabin Yuan, Huawei Tu (2019). Review of studies on target acquisition in virtual reality based on the crossing paradigm. Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware doi:10.3724/sp.j.2096-5796.2019.0006
- Matthias Weise, Raphael Zender, Ulrike Lucke (2019). A Comprehensive Classification of 3D Selection and Manipulation Techniques. Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2019 doi:10.1145/3340764.3340777
- Douglas A. Bowman (1999). Interaction Techniques for Common Tasks in Immersive Virtual Environments: Design, Evaluation, and Application. PhD thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology link
- Jialei Li, Isaac Cho, Zachary Wartell (2018). Evaluation of Cursor Offset on 3D Selection in VR. ACM Symposium on Spatial User Interaction (SUI) doi:10.1145/3267782.3267797
- Wang, Qiu, Li, Liu, Wei, Chen, Wang, Fan (2025). FocalSelect: Improving Occluded Objects Acquisition with Heuristic Selection and Disambiguation in Virtual Reality. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 31(5), 3285-3295 doi:10.1109/TVCG.2025.3549554
- Jibin Yin, Chengyao Fu, Xiangliang Zhang, Tao Liu (2019). Precise Target Selection Techniques in Handheld Augmented Reality Interfaces. IEEE Access 7, 17663-17674 doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2895219
- Doug A. Bowman, Ernst Kruijff, Joseph J. LaViola Jr., Ivan Poupyrev (2004). 3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice. Addison-Wesley, Boston (ISBN 0-201-75867-9)
- Yiqin Lu, Chun Yu, Yuanchun Shi (2020). Investigating Bubble Mechanism for Ray-Casting to Improve 3D Target Acquisition in Virtual Reality. 2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR) doi:10.1109/vr46266.2020.00021